The enforcement of commercial judgments in China has long been regarded as notoriously difficult. Recent studies, however, show that enforcement has significantly improved in urban areas, but remains a problem in rural areas.

This is the first book in English on judicial independence in China. This may not seem surprising given China remains an effectivelysingle-party socialist authoritarian state, the widely reported prosecutions of political dissidents and the conventional wisdom that China has never had independent courts.

A response to the reflections on Minxin Pei's book, China's Trapped Transition.

The China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (CIETAC) is a leading international arbitration centre in mainland China and in the world. Most disputes are between Chinese and foreign counterparts, and there have been lingering doubts about the fairness of CIETAC arbitration among foreign scholars and practitioners. Statistical data, however, indicate that CIETAC arbitration is substantively fair.