This policy brief addresses alternative dispute resolution mechanisms in Europe to propose an integrated, holistic approach to encompass the range of mechanisms for resolving disputes, including ombudsmen, compensation schemes, business codes of conduct, complaint boards, and other pathways.

In response to the increase in collective redress, a European alternative to US-style class actions is presented by way of a model for the alignment of the various existing systems to promote good practice.

Chief Ombudsman of the Ombudsman Service Lewis Shand Smith assesses the major shifts being felt across the civil justice landscape in the UK, in this policy brief published in association with Ombudsman Services.

The policy brief explores the implications of the recent European Commission Directive 2013/11/EU, due for implementation before the next UK general election in 2015, which requires Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) entities to be available for all business-to-consumer disputes.

Drawing on the scientific findings of behavioural psychology research, the authors find that there is little empirical evidence that traditional theories of deterrence affect future business behaviour, and that a collaborative, positive approach between business and regulators is most effective in improving behaviour along ethical lines. 

This policy brief outlines the concept of Ethical Business Regulation (EBR), which aims to foster a business culture of mutual engagement, respect, learning, and constant improvement, based on social trust.